Difference between revisions of "Principle of General Equivalence"

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== Definition ==
 
== Definition ==
 
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Il Principio di Equivalenza descrive l'equivalenza tra le grandezze fisiche fondamentali (velocità di propagazione delle perturbazioni nel Campo dell'Azione elementare, massa puntuale e di dominio spaziale, temperatura del Campo, densità delle perturbazioni elementari, metrica dello spazio-tempo) e, indirettamente, tra le grandezze fisiche derivate (velocità di propagazione della luce nel vuoto, massa delle strutture della materia oscura e ordinaria, dimensioni e proprietà geometriche della realtà fisica).
 
  
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d_g_eq_principle Principio di Equivalenza Generale Le grandezze fisiche fondamentali che caratterizzano l’[[Azione Elementare]] sono equivalenti. Esse riflettono una soggiacente equivalenza tra i fenomeni fisici che tentiamo di descrivere. La densità di [[massa]], l’[[energia oscura]], la curvatura della metrica dello [[spazio-tempo|campo elementare]], la temperatura dello spazio-tempo, la velocità di propagazione dell’informazione nel campo e la densità delle perturbazioni elementari (la distribuzione delle fluttuazioni quantistiche) sono equivalenti e hanno un’unica base fisica. La massa non curva lo spazio-tempo. La massa “è” la curvatura dello spazio-tempo.
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[[File:The_principle_of_General_Equivalence.png|200px|thumb|right|The principle of General Equivalence]]
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In the [[Physical Reality|physical domain of Reality]], the Principle of General Equivalence describes the equivalence between some of the [[Fundamental Physical Quantities|fundamental physical quantities]], which characterize the manifestation of the [[Elementary Action]] in its basic mode that we call [[Perturbation]], and, indirectly and consequently, among some related derived physical quantities, which can be considered the expression of those fundamental physical quantities at more complex levels of Reality (as the level of [[Information]], of the [[Structures of Information]], of [[Material Forms]]).  
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The most extended principle of equivalence operates in the physical world, in the real factory of [[space]]-[[time]]. At this level, the most elementary level of Reality, where the occurrence of the [[Elementary Events]] represent the most elementary form of [[Existence]], we can find this fundamental equivalence that give us an explanation of the deep nature and connection of some basic phenomena and some basic quantity/[[Fundamental Constants of Nature|constant of Nature]].
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This principle states that the nature of the fundamental phenomena and the associated physical quantities related to what we call '''mass and mass density''', is deeply connected, "equivalent" for instance, to other important aspects of the elementary level of Reality, related to the [[Dynamics of the Sources]] (the Fundamental Force and the Elementary Field) and the [[Dynamics of Action]] (the Elementary Action and its [[Modes of Action|modes of expressions]]:
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*the '''amount of [[Perturbation]]''', the density of the elementary perturbations (inhomogeneities/gradients in the distributions of the quantum fluctuations of the Elementary Field that we call Elementary Events) that characterize the Elementary Action,
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*'''[[Mass and gravitational phenomena|mass]] density''' of space-time domains, that characterize many physical entities / quantities that we observe or suppose as basic constituents of the physical world: [[dark matter]], [[dark energy]], [[ordinary matter]],
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*[[space]]-[[time]] '''curvature of the metrics''', that determine the dimensions and the geometric properties of physical reality,
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*'''temperature of the [[Elementary Field]]''' or the temperature of space-time (see the phenomena called CMB - Cosmic Microwave Background),
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*velocity of propagation of [[information]]/[[causality]] in the Elementary Field or '''speed of light''' in the void/vacuum.
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[[File:The principle of General Equivalence - Table.png|200px|thumb|right|The principle of General Equivalence - Table]]
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These aspects are equivalent and have a unique physical, natural, basis. In this perspective, we can say that mass does not curve space-time. Mass “is” (can be seen, or described, is the same thing of) the curvature of space-time. And not only, as above mentioned. We call this the [[Principle of General Equivalence]], a specification of the Principle of Equivalence.
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This principle incorporates and extends the principle of equivalence proposed by Einstein. In General Relativity, the equivalence principle states the equivalence of the gravitational and inertial mass. The gravitational "force" that is experienced locally on a massive body as the Earth is the same as the pseudo-force experienced by an observer in a non-inertial (accelerated) frame of reference:
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(Inertial mass) * (Acceleration) =  (Intensity of the gravitational field) * (Gravitational mass).
  
 
== Common definition  ==
 
== Common definition  ==
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Ci sono due versioni del principio di equivalenza, entrambe dovute ad Albert Einstein:
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There are two versions of the equivalence principle, both due to Albert Einstein:
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* la versione forte afferma che in un campo gravitazionale qualsiasi, è sempre possibile scegliere un sistema di riferimento rispetto al quale è sempre possibile scegliere un intorno di un punto in cui gli effetti dell'accelerazione dovuti al campo gravitazionale sono nulli;
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* the strong version states that in any gravitational field, it is always possible to choose a reference system with respect to which it is always possible to choose a neighborhood of a point where the effects of acceleration due to the gravitational field are zero;
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* quella debole asserisce che la massa inerziale, cioè la proprietà intrinseca del corpo materiale di opporsi alle variazioni di moto, e la massa gravitazionale, che rappresenta la proprietà di un corpo di essere sorgente e di subire l'influsso di un campo gravitazionale, sono numericamente uguali (il rapporto tra le due masse è stato sperimentalmente misurato da Eötvös, nell'esperimento che porta il suo nome, essere diverso dall'unità per meno di un fattore di :<math>10^{-14}</math>). {{WpLink}}
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* the weak one asserts that the inertial mass, that is the intrinsic property of the material body to oppose the variations of motion, and the gravitational mass, which represents the property of a body to be the source and to undergo the influence of a gravitational field, are numerically equal. {{WpLink}}
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(Link to Wikipedia page: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_principle Equivalence principle]).
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
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== See also ==
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*[[Principle of Equivalence]]
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*[[Principles]]
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*[[Principle of Variation]]
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*[[Principle of Propagation]]
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*[[Principle of Conservation]]
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*[[Other Principles of Evolutionary Dynamics]]
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*[[Principle of Unity]]
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*[[Principle of Connection]]
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*[[Principle of Individuation]]
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*[[Principle of Relation]]
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*[[Principle of Evolution]]
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*[[Physical Principles]]
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*[[Fundamental Physical Principles]]
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*[[Principle of Uncertainty]]
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*[[Principle of Action and Reaction]]
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*[[Principle of Least Action]]
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*[[Principle of Locality]]
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*[[Principle of Quantization]]
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*[[Principle of Relation in Physical Reality]]
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*[[Cognitive Principles]]
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*[[Metacognitive Principles]]
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{{Template:LinksToTFNR}}
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*[[TFNR - 2.1 The Principle of Reality]]
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*[[TFNR - 2.1 The Principles of Reality]]
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*[[TFNR - 2.4 The principle of individuation]]
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*[[TFNR - 2.4 The fundamental principles of the Elementary Dynamics (Principles of Action)]]
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*[[TFNR - 2.4 Recipe for constructing a Reality]]
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*[[TFNR - 2.4 From the fundamental principles to the laws of nature]]
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*[[TFNR - 7.3 The fundamental principles of the dynamics of the Elementary Field]]
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*[[TFNR - 7.3.1 The principle of Uncertainty]]
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*[[TFNR - 7.3.2 The principle of Action and Reaction)]]
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*[[TFNR - 7.3.3 The principle of Minimum Action]]
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*[[TFNR - 7.3.4 The principle of Relation]]
 
*[[TFNR - 7.3.5 The principle of General Equivalence]]
 
*[[TFNR - 7.3.5 The principle of General Equivalence]]
 
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Latest revision as of 20:08, 29 February 2020

Definition

The principle of General Equivalence

In the physical domain of Reality, the Principle of General Equivalence describes the equivalence between some of the fundamental physical quantities, which characterize the manifestation of the Elementary Action in its basic mode that we call Perturbation, and, indirectly and consequently, among some related derived physical quantities, which can be considered the expression of those fundamental physical quantities at more complex levels of Reality (as the level of Information, of the Structures of Information, of Material Forms).

The most extended principle of equivalence operates in the physical world, in the real factory of space-time. At this level, the most elementary level of Reality, where the occurrence of the Elementary Events represent the most elementary form of Existence, we can find this fundamental equivalence that give us an explanation of the deep nature and connection of some basic phenomena and some basic quantity/constant of Nature.

This principle states that the nature of the fundamental phenomena and the associated physical quantities related to what we call mass and mass density, is deeply connected, "equivalent" for instance, to other important aspects of the elementary level of Reality, related to the Dynamics of the Sources (the Fundamental Force and the Elementary Field) and the Dynamics of Action (the Elementary Action and its modes of expressions:

  • the amount of Perturbation, the density of the elementary perturbations (inhomogeneities/gradients in the distributions of the quantum fluctuations of the Elementary Field that we call Elementary Events) that characterize the Elementary Action,
  • mass density of space-time domains, that characterize many physical entities / quantities that we observe or suppose as basic constituents of the physical world: dark matter, dark energy, ordinary matter,
  • space-time curvature of the metrics, that determine the dimensions and the geometric properties of physical reality,
  • temperature of the Elementary Field or the temperature of space-time (see the phenomena called CMB - Cosmic Microwave Background),
  • velocity of propagation of information/causality in the Elementary Field or speed of light in the void/vacuum.
The principle of General Equivalence - Table

These aspects are equivalent and have a unique physical, natural, basis. In this perspective, we can say that mass does not curve space-time. Mass “is” (can be seen, or described, is the same thing of) the curvature of space-time. And not only, as above mentioned. We call this the Principle of General Equivalence, a specification of the Principle of Equivalence.

This principle incorporates and extends the principle of equivalence proposed by Einstein. In General Relativity, the equivalence principle states the equivalence of the gravitational and inertial mass. The gravitational "force" that is experienced locally on a massive body as the Earth is the same as the pseudo-force experienced by an observer in a non-inertial (accelerated) frame of reference:

(Inertial mass) * (Acceleration) = (Intensity of the gravitational field) * (Gravitational mass).

Common definition

There are two versions of the equivalence principle, both due to Albert Einstein:

  • the strong version states that in any gravitational field, it is always possible to choose a reference system with respect to which it is always possible to choose a neighborhood of a point where the effects of acceleration due to the gravitational field are zero;
  • the weak one asserts that the inertial mass, that is the intrinsic property of the material body to oppose the variations of motion, and the gravitational mass, which represents the property of a body to be the source and to undergo the influence of a gravitational field, are numerically equal. (Link to Wikipedia page: Equivalence_principle).

(Link to Wikipedia page: Equivalence principle).

Description

Links to the related sections of the TFNR Paper

Classification

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