Difference between revisions of "TFNR - Dark Energy"

Revision as of 21:02, 29 November 2024

In conventional physics, in a nutshell, dark energy is what makes the Universe expand faster.

In this model of describing Physical Reality, by Dark Energy we mean a specific condition of the Elementary Field, a sort of "antimass" (or positive mass density).

Let's summarize here some concepts already expressed previously in the course of this work:

• Mass can be positive or negative, attractive or repulsive respectively

• the Mass we normally talk about, the Mass that produces gravitational attraction is what in this model we call Negative Mass, or Mass with negative density, as it is characterized by values ​​of the Component of the Elementary Action that we call Perturbation in the considered portion of the Elementary Field lower than the universal or surrounding average value. Commonly called Mass of Dark and Visible Matter, it exerts a gravitational attraction and is associated with a Negative Curvature of the Space-Time Metric (or rather, "slowed down" Time, speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information, less than the universal speed limit), negative pressure of Elementary Energy, negative density of Elementary Events, of the elementary fluctuations

• next to and symmetrically we find Dark Energy, the kind of Mass that produces the gravitational repulsion, it is what in this model we call Positive Mass, or Positive Density Mass, as it is characterized by values ​​of the Component of the Elementary Action that we call Perturbation in the considered portion of the Elementary Field higher than the universal average, or the average over a sufficiently large surrounding area. Commonly called Dark Energy, as the entity, a form of energy, responsible for the phenomenon of cosmic expansion, it exerts a gravitational repulsion and is associated with a positive Curvature of the Space-Time Metric (or rather, "speeded up" Time, speed of propagation of Causality, Action, Information, greater than the universal speed limit), positive pressure of Elementary Energy, positive density of Elementary Events, of the elementary fluctuations

• Dark Energy is not a separate/separable entity from the attractive Ordinary Mass. It is the counterpart of the Ordinary Mass, always associated with it, a form of organization of the Elemental Field that characterizes the external regions of all Vortex-type InfoStructures, both in the Dark sector and in the Visible Ordinary sector.

• Looking at the Mass density profile of a Vortex Structure we see that at the center (the center of mass, a notable point that has a high probability of being near the geometric center of the Vortex, but that, due to the peculiar nature, shape and dynamics of this type of Structure, with decreasing probability can temporarily be in less geometrically central regions) the Mass density has a negative maximum (by the General Equivalence Principle this maximum in the Mass density can also be described as the minimum level of the density of the Elementary Events, of the temporal distributions of the elementary spatial fluctuations, minimum of the rate of the flow of time, minimum of the speed of propagation of Causality, Action and Information, minimum in the temperature of the Elementary Field, etc.). The level of this minimum depends on the type of Vortex Structure, on its dynamic condition, on the interaction with other Structures, ultimately, on its total Mass (we are talking about elementary Vortices, in the case of composite vortices the shape and therefore the distribution of the Mass in the Structure is much more complex). From the center, going progressively towards the periphery of the Structure we will see the density of Mass (always negative) decrease until reaching an imaginary surface that separates the internal part of the Structure, with negative Mass, from the external region with positive Mass (Dark Energy). Ideally a sphere centered in the center of mass, but due to the incessant interaction of the Structure with the natural turbulence of the Field, with the other Structures, and due to the dynamics of the Structure itself, a boundary surface that can also be strongly deformed and continuously changing. Let's imagine a drop of water floating in weightlessness. Its shape will be in constant mutation due to the internal dynamics and interactions with the environment, including the omnipresent thermal vibration. If, subjected to specific forces, the drop is accelerated, its shape will tend to stretch, even a lot and it could also fragment into multiple small drops, etc.

• Continuing the observation of the Mass density of a Vortex-type Structure, from the center outwards, once we reach the peripheral region of the Structure we will see a progressive increase in the density of positive Mass, which we call Dark Energy due to its characteristic repulsive action (according to the Principle of General Equivalence this positive density of Mass, or positive Mass, can also be described as a level higher than the universal average, or the average over a sufficiently large surrounding area, of the density of Elementary Events, of the temporal distributions of elementary spatial fluctuations, of the rate of the flow of time, of the speed of propagation of Causality, of Action and Information, of the temperature of the Elementary Field, etc.). The distribution profile of the positive Mass density, starting from this imaginary and ever-changing surface that includes what we call the internal part of the Structure and going towards infinity, will also depend here on the overall dynamics of the Structure and on the interaction with the environment, other Structures, the forces in action, etc., on the internal dynamics of the Structure itself. We said "towards infinity" because each Vortex Structure has a virtually infinite extension. Virtually infinite, but actually finite, as we have already represented several times, since the densities of Mass, Charge, Spin, etc. decreasing with the inverse of the square of the distance, reach quite quickly values ​​below the natural spontaneous fluctuation of the Field (Principle of Uncertainty). Let us therefore consider as the limit of the spatial extension of the Vortex Structure the ideal, and also this changeable surface, which marks the passage of the density of Mass from values ​​higher than to values ​​lower than the limit of uncertainty. The spatial extension of the external area of ​​the Structure and its density will depend above all on the situation of greater or lesser compression of the Structure itself by a set of other surrounding Structures. The greater the compression (exerted by the Dark Energy of the external regions of such Structures, by the forces generated by the interactions of the various Charges and Spins involved, by mechanical forces, etc.), the smaller the extension of the external region of the Structure under observation, the greater the positive density of Mass, the steeper the profile of the spatial distribution of density. In the case of isolated Structures or sufficiently far from compression situations, the external regions will have greater spatial extension, the density will be much lower, even considerably lower, so much so that their presence and effects will be almost undetectable (e.g. gravitational effects, repulsion tending to zero, no "shielding" effect on the attraction exerted by the negative Mass of the internal region of the Structure). This behavior is manifested both in the dynamics of the Structures of ordinary (visible) Matter, particles, for example electrons, and in the dynamics of the halos and turbulence of the Dark sector. The shape, the distribution profile of the negative and positive Mass, of the Charge, of the Spin, etc. of a free electron "at rest" are very different from those of an electron compressed in an atom or free but accelerated at relativistic speeds. The immense halo containing a supercluster (with a nested structure of galactic subhalos immersed in the Dark turbulence) is normally compressed in an environment crowded with other superclusters that form even larger structures, compressed in turn in the narrow spaces (so to speak) of the interstices between the gigantic voids that make up the scaffolding of the (Dark and Visible) Cosmic Web. Here, in the contact zones, of compression of the bubbles, of the halos, which affect the external regions of these structures, whether they are electrons or the immense halos of galaxy clusters, the positive Mass that we call Dark Energy will become increasingly dense, with an increasingly sharp density profile, which will produce a repulsive effect which, for the electrons in the nucleus is at the basis of what is called the Pauli exclusion principle, and for the halos of the Dark Web is at the basis of the phenomenon of cosmic expansion. As already seen in the section dedicated to "Mass and gravitational phenomena", the negative and positive components of Mass at the universal level dynamically compensate each other as they are defined as complementary with respect to a universal average value. This average value varies over time due to the ever-increasing structuring and complexification of the organization of the Elementary Field (in conventional terms, we would say "organization of Space-time"). It is this increase in the quantity of Structures present in the cosmos, and their progressive increase in density and reduction of spatial extensions that produces the effect of (apparent) cosmic expansion. Indeed, spatial distances do not change, what changes (decreases) is the universal average rate of the flow of Time, and so does the speed of propagation of Causality, Action and Information (conventionally "speed of light in a vacuum").

• We have thus outlined the two fundamental concepts relating to the term "Dark Energy" (born as a hypothetical entity responsible for cosmic expansion): (positive) Mass profile of the external regions of the Dark and Visible Vortex Structures and element that contributes to the production of the phenomenon of (apparent) cosmic expansion.

Due to its nature and characteristics, the topic of Dark Energy should not have been included in these sections dedicated to Energy, but in those dedicated to Matter. Only for assonance with the Energy theme we preferred to talk about it here. We will recall this fascinating but mysterious topic in the next sections, when we will talk about that form of Information/Energy that we commonly call Matter, both Dark (invisible) and Ordinary (visible).

Links to the tables of contents of TFNR Paper

• Go to the contents list of the paper "The Fundamental Nature of Reality"

• Go to Chapter 2 "A first look"